Logical fallacies are a huge subject, there are hundreds of them. I suggest looking through these resources from Retirement in Progress for examples of the most common ones and try to understand when people use them in different contexts. Here’s a few of them:
Here’s more about a couple of them:
- Loss Aversion
- Availability
- Blind Spot and Cognitive Dissonance
- Confirmation (cherry picking)
- Survivorship (xkcd)
- Anchoring
- Arrival Fallacy (more)